

The “independent, new and substantive statements” framing is the part I think travels furthest. Google’s defense was basically “we’re just summarizing,” but a summary that recombines facts into a new claim — this doctor was convicted — is authorship in any meaningful sense, so the old search-engine safe-harbor logic doesn’t really apply. If that reading holds across the EU it gets interesting fast for every company bolting an AI chatbot onto their search or docs. It’d be cheaper to cite sources verbatim with links than to defend a generated claim in court, which honestly would also make the products better. Also notable this is the second German court to land on the same side this year — one ruling is an outlier, two starts looking like a direction.
The wildest part to me is that the keys weren’t just weak, they were tiny — 4, 56, 66 — small enough to fit in a byte. That’s not degraded entropy, that’s a keygen path that returned a counter or a placeholder value instead of randomness at all. And since the public halves of those certs have been sitting in Certificate Transparency logs for years, anyone could’ve caught it by just testing small scalars against the published public keys — no nation-state budget needed to find them, only to quietly use them. The browser response was genuinely fast once it surfaced, but this was detectable the whole time. Makes you wonder how many other CAs have test values live in production that nobody’s ever bothered to scan for.